从 Trac 迁移的文章

这是从旧校内 Wiki 迁移的文章,可能存在一些样式问题,您可以向 memset0 反馈。

原文章内容如下:

{{{
#!html
<!-- Contents of this file are Copyright 2006-2008, Xixik Inc. -->

<div class="noprint">
    <div class="commonContainer">
    <h1>HTML字符实体(Character Entities),转义字符串(Escape Sequence)</h1>
    </div>
</div>

<!-- Contents of this file are Copyright 2006-2008, Xixik Inc. -->

<div class="commonContainer">

<h2>为什么要用转义字符串?</h2>

<p>HTML中&lt;,&gt;,&amp;等有特殊含义(&lt;,&gt;,用于链接签,&amp;用于转义),不能直接使用。这些符号是不显示在我们最终看到的网页里的,那如果我们希望在网页中显示这些符号,该怎么办呢?
</p>
<p>这就要说到HTML转义字符串(Escape Sequence)了。
</p>
<p><a href="http://114.xixik.com/character/" class="f14px" title="常用HTML转义字符,html转义符">转义字符串</a>(Escape Sequence)也称字符实体(Character Entity)。在HTML中,定义转义字符串的原因有两个:第一个原因是像“&lt;”和“&gt;”这类符号已经用来表示HTML标签,因此就不能直接当作文本中的符号来使用。为了在HTML文档中使用这些符号,就需要定义它的转义字符串。当解释程序遇到这类字符串时就把它解释为真实的字符。在输入转义字符串时,要严格遵守字母大小写的规则。第二个原因是,有些字符在ASCII字符集中没有定义,因此需要使用转义字符串来表示。
</p>

<!-- Contents of this file are Copyright 2006-2008, Xixik Inc. -->

<h2>转义字符串的组成</h2>

<p>转义字符串(Escape Sequence),即字符实体(Character Entity)分成三部分:第一部分是一个&amp;符号,英文叫ampersand;第二部分是实体(Entity)名字或者是#加上实体(Entity)编号;第三部分是一个分号。
</p>
<p>比如,要显示小于号(&lt;),就可以写 &amp;lt; 或者 &amp;#60; 。
</p>
<p>用实体(Entity)名字的好处是比较好理解,一看lt,大概就猜出是less than的意思,但是其劣势在于并不是所有的浏览器都支持最新的Entity名字。而实体(Entity)编号,各种浏览器都能处理。
</p>
<p>提示:实体名称(Entity)是区分大小写的。
</p>

<p>备注:同一个符号,可以用“实体名称”和“实体编号”两种方式引用,“实体名称”的优势在于便于记忆,但不能保证所有的浏览器都能顺利识别它,而“实体编号”则没有这种担忧,但它实在不方便记忆。
</p>

<h2>如何显示空格?</h2>

<p>通常情况下,HTML会自动截去多余的空格。不管你加多少空格,都被看做一个空格。比如你在两个字之间加了10个空格,HTML会截去9个空格,只保留一个。为了在网页中增加空格,你可以使用&amp;nbsp;表示空格。
</p>
</div>

<div class="commonContainer">

<hr>

<h1>HTML特殊转义字符列表</h1>

<h2>最常用的字符实体<br>Character Entities</h2>

<table width="400">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>显示</th>
<th>说明</th>
<th>实体名称</th>
<th>实体编号</th>
</tr>

<tr>
<td class="key"></td>
<td>半方大的空白</td>
<td>&amp;ensp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8194;</td></tr>
<tr>
</tr><tr>
<td class="key"></td>
<td>全方大的空白</td>
<td>&amp;emsp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8195;</td></tr>

<tr>
</tr><tr>
<td class="key"></td>
<td>不断行的空白格</td>
<td>&amp;nbsp;</td>
<td>&amp;#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">&lt;</td>
<td>小于</td>
<td>&amp;lt;</td>
<td>&amp;#60;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">&gt;</td>
<td>大于</td>
<td>&amp;gt;</td>
<td>&amp;#62;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">&amp;</td>
<td>&amp;符号</td>
<td>&amp;amp;</td>
<td>&amp;#38;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">"</td>
<td>双引号</td>
<td>&amp;quot;</td>
<td>&amp;#34;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">©</td>
<td>版权</td>
<td>&amp;copy;</td>
<td>&amp;#169;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">®</td>
<td>已注册商标</td>
<td>&amp;reg;</td>
<td>&amp;#174;</td></tr>


<tr>
<td class="key">™</td>
<td>商标(美国)</td>
<td>™</td>

<td>&amp;#8482;</td></tr>
<tr>

</tr><tr>
<td class="key">×</td>
<td>乘号</td>
<td>&amp;times;</td>
<td>&amp;#215;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">÷</td>
<td>除号</td>

<td>&amp;divide;</td>
<td>&amp;#247;</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>

<div class="commonContainer">

<h2>ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1)字符集</h2>
<p>
HTML 4.01 支持 ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) 字符集。
</p>
<p>
备注:为了方便起见,以下表格中,“实体名称”简称为“名称”,“实体编号”简称为“编号”

</p>
<table width="778">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>

<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
</tr>

<tr><td class="key">&nbsp;</td>
<td>&amp;nbsp;</td>
<td>&amp;#160;</td>
<td class="key">¡</td>
<td>&amp;iexcl;</td>
<td>&amp;#161;</td>
<td class="key">¢</td>
<td>&amp;cent;</td>
<td>&amp;#162;</td>

<td class="key">£</td>
<td>&amp;pound;</td>
<td>&amp;#163;</td>
<td class="key">¤</td>
<td>&amp;curren;</td>
<td>&amp;#164;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">¥</td>
<td>&amp;yen;</td>

<td>&amp;#165;</td>
<td class="key">¦</td>
<td>&amp;brvbar;</td>
<td>&amp;#166;</td>
<td class="key">§</td>
<td>&amp;sect;</td>
<td>&amp;#167;</td>
<td class="key">¨</td>
<td>&amp;uml;</td>

<td>&amp;#168;</td>
<td class="key">©</td>
<td>&amp;copy;</td>
<td>&amp;#169;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">ª</td>
<td>&amp;ordf;</td>
<td>&amp;#170;</td>
<td class="key">«</td>

<td>&amp;laquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#171;</td>
<td class="key">¬</td>
<td>&amp;not;</td>
<td>&amp;#172;</td>
<td class="key">­</td>
<td>&amp;shy;</td>
<td>&amp;#173;</td>
<td class="key">®</td>

<td>&amp;reg;</td>
<td>&amp;#174;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">¯</td>
<td>&amp;macr;</td>
<td>&amp;#175;</td>
<td class="key">°</td>
<td>&amp;deg;</td>
<td>&amp;#176;</td>

<td class="key">±</td>
<td>&amp;plusmn;</td>
<td>&amp;#177;</td>
<td class="key">²</td>
<td>&amp;sup2;</td>
<td>&amp;#178;</td>
<td class="key">³</td>
<td>&amp;sup3;</td>
<td>&amp;#179;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">´</td>
<td>&amp;acute;</td>
<td>&amp;#180;</td>
<td class="key">µ</td>
<td>&amp;micro;</td>
<td>&amp;#181;</td>
<td class="key">¶</td>
<td>&amp;para;</td>

<td>&amp;#182;</td>
<td class="key">·</td>
<td>&amp;middot;</td>
<td>&amp;#183;</td>
<td class="key">¸</td>
<td>&amp;cedil;</td>
<td>&amp;#184;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">¹</td>

<td>&amp;sup1;</td>
<td>&amp;#185;</td>
<td class="key">º</td>
<td>&amp;ordm;</td>
<td>&amp;#186;</td>
<td class="key">»</td>
<td>&amp;raquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#187;</td>
<td class="key">¼</td>

<td>&amp;frac14;</td>
<td>&amp;#188;</td>
<td class="key">½</td>
<td>&amp;frac12;</td>
<td>&amp;#189;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">¾</td>
<td>&amp;frac34;</td>
<td>&amp;#190;</td>

<td class="key">¿</td>
<td>&amp;iquest;</td>
<td>&amp;#191;</td>
<td class="key">À</td>
<td>&amp;Agrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#192;</td>
<td class="key">Á</td>
<td>&amp;Aacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#193;</td>

<td class="key">Â</td>
<td>&amp;Acirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#194;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">Ã</td>
<td>&amp;Atilde;</td>
<td>&amp;#195;</td>
<td class="key">Ä</td>
<td>&amp;Auml;</td>

<td>&amp;#196;</td>
<td class="key">Å</td>
<td>&amp;Aring;</td>
<td>&amp;#197;</td>
<td class="key">Æ</td>
<td>&amp;AElig;</td>
<td>&amp;#198;</td>
<td class="key">Ç</td>
<td>&amp;Ccedil;</td>

<td>&amp;#199;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">È</td>
<td>&amp;Egrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#200;</td>
<td class="key">É</td>
<td>&amp;Eacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#201;</td>
<td class="key">Ê</td>

<td>&amp;Ecirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#202;</td>
<td class="key">Ë</td>
<td>&amp;Euml;</td>
<td>&amp;#203;</td>
<td class="key">Ì</td>
<td>&amp;Igrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#204;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">Í</td>
<td>&amp;Iacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#205;</td>
<td class="key">Î</td>
<td>&amp;Icirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#206;</td>
<td class="key">Ï</td>
<td>&amp;Iuml;</td>
<td>&amp;#207;</td>

<td class="key">Ð</td>
<td>&amp;ETH;</td>
<td>&amp;#208;</td>
<td class="key">Ñ</td>
<td>&amp;Ntilde;</td>
<td>&amp;#209;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">Ò</td>
<td>&amp;Ograve;</td>

<td>&amp;#210;</td>
<td class="key">Ó</td>
<td>&amp;Oacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#211;</td>
<td class="key">Ô</td>
<td>&amp;Ocirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#212;</td>
<td class="key">Õ</td>
<td>&amp;Otilde;</td>

<td>&amp;#213;</td>
<td class="key">Ö</td>
<td>&amp;Ouml;</td>
<td>&amp;#214;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">×</td>
<td>&amp;times;</td>
<td>&amp;#215;</td>
<td class="key">Ø</td>

<td>&amp;Oslash;</td>
<td>&amp;#216;</td>
<td class="key">Ù</td>
<td>&amp;Ugrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#217;</td>
<td class="key">Ú</td>
<td>&amp;Uacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#218;</td>
<td class="key">Û</td>

<td>&amp;Ucirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#219;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">Ü</td>
<td>&amp;Uuml;</td>
<td>&amp;#220;</td>
<td class="key">Ý</td>
<td>&amp;Yacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#221;</td>

<td class="key">Þ</td>
<td>&amp;THORN;</td>
<td>&amp;#222;</td>
<td class="key">ß</td>
<td>&amp;szlig;</td>
<td>&amp;#223;</td>
<td class="key">à</td>
<td>&amp;agrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#224;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">á</td>
<td>&amp;aacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#225;</td>
<td class="key">â</td>
<td>&amp;acirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#226;</td>
<td class="key">ã</td>
<td>&amp;atilde;</td>

<td>&amp;#227;</td>
<td class="key">ä</td>
<td>&amp;auml;</td>
<td>&amp;#228;</td>
<td class="key">å</td>
<td>&amp;aring;</td>
<td>&amp;#229;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">æ</td>

<td>&amp;aelig;</td>
<td>&amp;#230;</td>
<td class="key">ç</td>
<td>&amp;ccedil;</td>
<td>&amp;#231;</td>
<td class="key">è</td>
<td>&amp;egrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#232;</td>
<td class="key">é</td>

<td>&amp;eacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#233;</td>
<td class="key">ê</td>
<td>&amp;ecirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#234;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">ë</td>
<td>&amp;euml;</td>
<td>&amp;#235;</td>

<td class="key">ì</td>
<td>&amp;igrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#236;</td>
<td class="key">í</td>
<td>&amp;iacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#237;</td>
<td class="key">î</td>
<td>&amp;icirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#238;</td>

<td class="key">ï</td>
<td>&amp;iuml;</td>
<td>&amp;#239;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">ð</td>
<td>&amp;eth;</td>
<td>&amp;#240;</td>
<td class="key">ñ</td>
<td>&amp;ntilde;</td>

<td>&amp;#241;</td>
<td class="key">ò</td>
<td>&amp;ograve;</td>
<td>&amp;#242;</td>
<td class="key">ó</td>
<td>&amp;oacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#243;</td>
<td class="key">ô</td>
<td>&amp;ocirc;</td>

<td>&amp;#244;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">õ</td>
<td>&amp;otilde;</td>
<td>&amp;#245;</td>
<td class="key">ö</td>
<td>&amp;ouml;</td>
<td>&amp;#246;</td>
<td class="key">÷</td>

<td>&amp;divide;</td>
<td>&amp;#247;</td>
<td class="key">ø</td>
<td>&amp;oslash;</td>
<td>&amp;#248;</td>
<td class="key">ù</td>
<td>&amp;ugrave;</td>
<td>&amp;#249;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">ú</td>
<td>&amp;uacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#250;</td>
<td class="key">û</td>
<td>&amp;ucirc;</td>
<td>&amp;#251;</td>
<td class="key">ü</td>
<td>&amp;uuml;</td>
<td>&amp;#252;</td>

<td class="key">ý</td>
<td>&amp;yacute;</td>
<td>&amp;#253;</td>
<td class="key">þ</td>
<td>&amp;thorn;</td>
<td>&amp;#254;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">ÿ</td>
<td>&amp;yuml;</td>

<td>&amp;#255;</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2>数学和希腊字母标志<br>symbols, mathematical symbols, and Greek letters</h2>

<table width="778">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>

<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>

<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">ƒ</td>
<td>&amp;fnof;</td>
<td>&amp;#402;</td>
<td class="key">Α</td>
<td>&amp;Alpha;</td>
<td>&amp;#913;</td>

<td class="key">Β</td>
<td>&amp;Beta;</td>
<td>&amp;#914;</td>
<td class="key">Γ</td>
<td>&amp;Gamma;</td>
<td>&amp;#915;</td>
<td class="key">Δ</td>
<td>&amp;Delta;</td>
<td>&amp;#916;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">Ε</td>
<td>&amp;Epsilon;</td>
<td>&amp;#917;</td>
<td class="key">Ζ</td>
<td>&amp;Zeta;</td>
<td>&amp;#918;</td>
<td class="key">Η</td>
<td>&amp;Eta;</td>

<td>&amp;#919;</td>
<td class="key">Θ</td>
<td>&amp;Theta;</td>
<td>&amp;#920;</td>
<td class="key">Ι</td>
<td>&amp;Iota;</td>
<td>&amp;#921;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">Κ</td>

<td>&amp;Kappa;</td>
<td>&amp;#922;</td>
<td class="key">Λ</td>
<td>&amp;Lambda;</td>
<td>&amp;#923;</td>
<td class="key">Μ</td>
<td>&amp;Mu;</td>
<td>&amp;#924;</td>
<td class="key">Ν</td>

<td>&amp;Nu;</td>
<td>&amp;#925;</td>
<td class="key">Ξ</td>
<td>&amp;Xi;</td>
<td>&amp;#926;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">Ο</td>
<td>&amp;Omicron;</td>
<td>&amp;#927;</td>

<td class="key">Π</td>
<td>&amp;Pi;</td>
<td>&amp;#928;</td>
<td class="key">Ρ</td>
<td>&amp;Rho;</td>
<td>&amp;#929;</td>
<td class="key">Σ</td>
<td>&amp;Sigma;</td>
<td>&amp;#931;</td>

<td class="key">Τ</td>
<td>&amp;Tau;</td>
<td>&amp;#932;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">Υ</td>
<td>&amp;Upsilon;</td>
<td>&amp;#933;</td>
<td class="key">Φ</td>
<td>&amp;Phi;</td>

<td>&amp;#934;</td>
<td class="key">Χ</td>
<td>&amp;Chi;</td>
<td>&amp;#935;</td>
<td class="key">Ψ</td>
<td>&amp;Psi;</td>
<td>&amp;#936;</td>
<td class="key">Ω</td>
<td>&amp;Omega;</td>

<td>&amp;#937;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">α</td>
<td>&amp;alpha;</td>
<td>&amp;#945;</td>
<td class="key">β</td>
<td>&amp;beta;</td>
<td>&amp;#946;</td>
<td class="key">γ</td>

<td>&amp;gamma;</td>
<td>&amp;#947;</td>
<td class="key">δ</td>
<td>&amp;delta;</td>
<td>&amp;#948;</td>
<td class="key">ε</td>
<td>&amp;epsilon;</td>
<td>&amp;#949;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">ζ</td>
<td>&amp;zeta;</td>
<td>&amp;#950;</td>
<td class="key">η</td>
<td>&amp;eta;</td>
<td>&amp;#951;</td>
<td class="key">θ</td>
<td>&amp;theta;</td>
<td>&amp;#952;</td>

<td class="key">ι</td>
<td>&amp;iota;</td>
<td>&amp;#953;</td>
<td class="key">κ</td>
<td>&amp;kappa;</td>
<td>&amp;#954;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">λ</td>
<td>&amp;lambda;</td>

<td>&amp;#955;</td>
<td class="key">μ</td>
<td>&amp;mu;</td>
<td>&amp;#956;</td>
<td class="key">ν</td>
<td>&amp;nu;</td>
<td>&amp;#957;</td>
<td class="key">ξ</td>
<td>&amp;xi;</td>

<td>&amp;#958;</td>
<td class="key">ο</td>
<td>&amp;omicron;</td>
<td>&amp;#959;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">π</td>
<td>&amp;pi;</td>
<td>&amp;#960;</td>
<td class="key">ρ</td>

<td>&amp;rho;</td>
<td>&amp;#961;</td>
<td class="key">ς</td>
<td>&amp;sigmaf;</td>
<td>&amp;#962;</td>
<td class="key">σ</td>
<td>&amp;sigma;</td>
<td>&amp;#963;</td>
<td class="key">τ</td>

<td>&amp;tau;</td>
<td>&amp;#964;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">υ</td>
<td>&amp;upsilon;</td>
<td>&amp;#965;</td>
<td class="key">φ</td>
<td>&amp;phi;</td>
<td>&amp;#966;</td>

<td class="key">χ</td>
<td>&amp;chi;</td>
<td>&amp;#967;</td>
<td class="key">ψ</td>
<td>&amp;psi;</td>
<td>&amp;#968;</td>
<td class="key">ω</td>
<td>&amp;omega;</td>
<td>&amp;#969;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;thetasym;</td>
<td>&amp;#977;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;upsih;</td>
<td>&amp;#978;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;piv;</td>

<td>&amp;#982;</td>
<td class="key">•</td>
<td>&amp;bull;</td>
<td>&amp;#8226;</td>
<td class="key">…</td>
<td>&amp;hellip;</td>
<td>&amp;#8230;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">′</td>

<td>&amp;prime;</td>
<td>&amp;#8242;</td>
<td class="key">″</td>
<td>&amp;Prime;</td>
<td>&amp;#8243;</td>
<td class="key">‾</td>
<td>&amp;oline;</td>
<td>&amp;#8254;</td>
<td class="key">⁄</td>

<td>&amp;frasl;</td>
<td>&amp;#8260;</td>
<td class="key">℘</td>
<td>&amp;weierp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8472;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">ℑ</td>
<td>&amp;image;</td>
<td>&amp;#8465;</td>

<td class="key">ℜ</td>
<td>&amp;real;</td>
<td>&amp;#8476;</td>
<td class="key">™</td>
<td>&amp;trade;</td>
<td>&amp;#8482;</td>
<td class="key">ℵ</td>
<td>&amp;alefsym;</td>
<td>&amp;#8501;</td>

<td class="key">←</td>
<td>&amp;larr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8592;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">↑</td>
<td>&amp;uarr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8593;</td>
<td class="key">→</td>
<td>&amp;rarr;</td>

<td>&amp;#8594;</td>
<td class="key">↓</td>
<td>&amp;darr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8595;</td>
<td class="key">↔</td>
<td>&amp;harr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8596;</td>
<td class="key">↵</td>
<td>&amp;crarr;</td>

<td>&amp;#8629;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">⇐</td>
<td>&amp;lArr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8656;</td>
<td class="key">⇑</td>
<td>&amp;uArr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8657;</td>
<td class="key">⇒</td>

<td>&amp;rArr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8658;</td>
<td class="key">⇓</td>
<td>&amp;dArr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8659;</td>
<td class="key">⇔</td>
<td>&amp;hArr;</td>
<td>&amp;#8660;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">∀</td>
<td>&amp;forall;</td>
<td>&amp;#8704;</td>
<td class="key">∂</td>
<td>&amp;part;</td>
<td>&amp;#8706;</td>
<td class="key">∃</td>
<td>&amp;exist;</td>
<td>&amp;#8707;</td>

<td class="key">∅</td>
<td>&amp;empty;</td>
<td>&amp;#8709;</td>
<td class="key">∇</td>
<td>&amp;nabla;</td>
<td>&amp;#8711;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">∈</td>
<td>&amp;isin;</td>

<td>&amp;#8712;</td>
<td class="key">∉</td>
<td>&amp;notin;</td>
<td>&amp;#8713;</td>
<td class="key">∋</td>
<td>&amp;ni;</td>
<td>&amp;#8715;</td>
<td class="key">∏</td>
<td>&amp;prod;</td>

<td>&amp;#8719;</td>
<td class="key">∑</td>
<td>&amp;sum;</td>
<td>&amp;#8721;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">−</td>
<td>&amp;minus;</td>
<td>&amp;#8722;</td>
<td class="key">∗</td>

<td>&amp;lowast;</td>
<td>&amp;#8727;</td>
<td class="key">√</td>
<td>&amp;radic;</td>
<td>&amp;#8730;</td>
<td class="key">∝</td>
<td>&amp;prop;</td>
<td>&amp;#8733;</td>
<td class="key">∞</td>

<td>&amp;infin;</td>
<td>&amp;#8734;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">∠</td>
<td>&amp;ang;</td>
<td>&amp;#8736;</td>
<td class="key">∧</td>
<td>&amp;and;</td>
<td>&amp;#8743;</td>

<td class="key">∨</td>
<td>&amp;or;</td>
<td>&amp;#8744;</td>
<td class="key">∩</td>
<td>&amp;cap;</td>
<td>&amp;#8745;</td>
<td class="key">∪</td>
<td>&amp;cup;</td>
<td>&amp;#8746;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">∫</td>
<td>&amp;int;</td>
<td>&amp;#8747;</td>
<td class="key">∴</td>
<td>&amp;there4;</td>
<td>&amp;#8756;</td>
<td class="key">∼</td>
<td>&amp;sim;</td>

<td>&amp;#8764;</td>
<td class="key">∝</td>
<td>&amp;cong;</td>
<td>&amp;#8773;</td>
<td class="key">≈</td>
<td>&amp;asymp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8776;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">≠</td>

<td>&amp;ne;</td>
<td>&amp;#8800;</td>
<td class="key">≡</td>
<td>&amp;equiv;</td>
<td>&amp;#8801;</td>
<td class="key">≤</td>
<td>&amp;le;</td>
<td>&amp;#8804;</td>
<td class="key">≥</td>

<td>&amp;ge;</td>
<td>&amp;#8805;</td>
<td class="key">⊂</td>
<td>&amp;sub;</td>
<td>&amp;#8834;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">⊃</td>
<td>&amp;sup;</td>
<td>&amp;#8835;</td>

<td class="key">⊄</td>
<td>&amp;nsub;</td>
<td>&amp;#8836;</td>
<td class="key">⊆</td>
<td>&amp;sube;</td>
<td>&amp;#8838;</td>
<td class="key">⊇</td>
<td>&amp;supe;</td>
<td>&amp;#8839;</td>

<td class="key">⊕</td>
<td>&amp;oplus;</td>
<td>&amp;#8853;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">⊗</td>
<td>&amp;otimes;</td>
<td>&amp;#8855;</td>
<td class="key">⊥</td>
<td>&amp;perp;</td>

<td>&amp;#8869;</td>
<td class="key">⋅</td>
<td>&amp;sdot;</td>
<td>&amp;#8901;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;lceil;</td>
<td>&amp;#8968;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;rceil;</td>

<td>&amp;#8969;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;lfloor;</td>
<td>&amp;#8970;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;rfloor;</td>
<td>&amp;#8971;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>

<td>&amp;lang;</td>
<td>&amp;#9001;</td>
<td class="key">?</td>
<td>&amp;rang;</td>
<td>&amp;#9002;</td>
<td class="key">◊</td>
<td>&amp;loz;</td>
<td>&amp;#9674;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">♠</td>
<td>&amp;spades;</td>
<td>&amp;#9824;</td>
<td class="key">♣</td>
<td>&amp;clubs;</td>
<td>&amp;#9827;</td>
<td class="key">♥</td>
<td>&amp;hearts;</td>
<td>&amp;#9829;</td>

<td class="key">♦</td>
<td>&amp;diams;</td>
<td>&amp;#9830;</td></tr></tbody></table>

<h2>重要的国际标记<br>markup-significant and internationalization characters</h2>

<table width="778">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>

<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>

<th>编号</th>
<th>显示</th>
<th>名称</th>
<th>编号</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">"</td>
<td>&amp;quot;</td>
<td>&amp;#34;</td>
<td class="key">&amp;</td>

<td>&amp;amp;</td>
<td>&amp;#38;</td>
<td class="key">&lt;</td>
<td>&amp;lt;</td>
<td>&amp;#60;</td>
<td class="key">&gt;</td>
<td>&amp;gt;</td>
<td>&amp;#62;</td>
<td class="key">Œ</td>
<td>&amp;OElig;</td>

<td>&amp;#338;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">œ</td>
<td>&amp;oelig;</td>
<td>&amp;#339;</td>
<td class="key">Š</td>
<td>&amp;Scaron;</td>
<td>&amp;#352;</td>
<td class="key">š</td>

<td>&amp;scaron;</td>
<td>&amp;#353;</td>
<td class="key">Ÿ</td>
<td>&amp;Yuml;</td>
<td>&amp;#376;</td>
<td class="key">ˆ</td>
<td>&amp;circ;</td>
<td>&amp;#710;</td></tr>
<tr>

<td class="key">˜</td>
<td>&amp;tilde;</td>
<td>&amp;#732;</td>
<td class="key"> </td>
<td>&amp;ensp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8194;</td>
<td class="key"> </td>
<td>&amp;emsp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8195;</td>

<td class="key"> </td>
<td>&amp;thinsp;</td>
<td>&amp;#8201;</td>
<td class="key">‌</td>
<td>&amp;zwnj;</td>
<td>&amp;#8204;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">‍</td>
<td>&amp;zwj;</td>

<td>&amp;#8205;</td>
<td class="key">‎</td>
<td>&amp;lrm;</td>
<td>&amp;#8206;</td>
<td class="key">‏</td>
<td>&amp;rlm;</td>
<td>&amp;#8207;</td>
<td class="key">–</td>
<td>&amp;ndash;</td>

<td>&amp;#8211;</td>
<td class="key">—</td>
<td>&amp;mdash;</td>
<td>&amp;#8212;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">‘</td>
<td>&amp;lsquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8216;</td>
<td class="key">’</td>

<td>&amp;rsquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8217;</td>
<td class="key">‚</td>
<td>&amp;sbquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8218;</td>
<td class="key">“</td>
<td>&amp;ldquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8220;</td>
<td class="key">”</td>

<td>&amp;rdquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8221;</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="key">„</td>
<td>&amp;bdquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8222;</td>
<td class="key">†</td>
<td>&amp;dagger;</td>
<td>&amp;#8224;</td>

<td class="key">‡</td>
<td>&amp;Dagger;</td>
<td>&amp;#8225;</td>
<td class="key">‰</td>
<td>&amp;permil;</td>
<td>&amp;#8240;</td>
<td class="key">‹</td>
<td>&amp;lsaquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8249;</td></tr>

<tr>
<td class="key">›</td>
<td>&amp;rsaquo;</td>
<td>&amp;#8250;</td>
<td class="key">€</td>
<td>&amp;euro;</td>
<td>&amp;#8364;</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div>

<div class="commonContainer">

<hr>

<h2>JavaScript转义符</h2>

<table width="480">
<tbody><tr>
<th width="35%">转义序列</th>
<th width="65%">字符</th></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\b</td>
<td width="65%">退格</td></tr>

<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\f</td>
<td width="65%">走纸换页</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\n</td>
<td width="65%">换行</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\r</td>
<td width="65%">回车</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\t</td>

<td width="65%">横向跳格 (Ctrl-I)</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\'</td>
<td width="65%">单引号</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\"</td>
<td width="65%">双引号</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%">\\</td>
<td width="65%">反斜杠</td>

</tr>
</tbody></table>

<p>编程的时候要注意特殊字符的问题,很多运行时出现的问题都是因为特殊字符的出现而引起的。
</p>
<p>注意,由于反斜杠本身用作转义符,因此不能直接在脚本中键入一个反斜杠。如果要产生一个反斜杠,必须一起键入两个反斜杠 (\\)。 
</p>
</div>

<div class="commonContainer">

<hr>
<p>
</p><h2 align="left"><strong>编码转换</strong>(to Unicode)</h2>
<p>(程序代码来源于网络) </p>

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Js版 </strong></p>
<pre>&lt;script&gt;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; test = "你好abc"
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; str = ""
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for( i=0;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; i&lt;test.length; i++ )
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  temp = test.charCodeAt(i).toString(16);
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  str&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; += "\\u"+ new Array(5-String(temp).length).join("0") +temp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; document.write (str)
&lt;/script&gt;</pre>
<br>
<br>
<p><strong>vbs版</strong></p>
<br>

<pre>Function Unicode(str1)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dim str,temp
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; str = ""
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; For i=1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to len(str1)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  temp = Hex(AscW(Mid(str1,i,1)))
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  If len(temp) &lt; 5 Then&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; temp = right("0000" &amp; temp, 4)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  str = str &amp; "\u" &amp; temp
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Next
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Unicode = str
End Function</pre>
<br>
<br>
<p>
</p><pre>Function htmlentities(str)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; For i = 1 to Len(str)

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; char = mid(str, i, 1)
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; If Ascw(char) &gt; 128 then
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; htmlentities = htmlentities &amp; "&amp;#" &amp; Ascw(char) &amp; ";"
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Else

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; htmlentities = htmlentities &amp; char
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End if
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Next
End Function</pre>

<p> </p>
<p><strong>coldfusion<span class="Section1" style="">版</span></strong></p>
<p> </p>

<pre>function nochaoscode(str)
{
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; var new_str = “”;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for(i=1; i lte len(str);i=i+1){
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if(asc(mid(str,i,1)) lt 128){
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; new_str = new_str &amp; mid(str,i,1);
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }else{
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; new_str = new_str &amp; “&amp;##” &amp; asc(mid(str,i,1));

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; return new_str;
}</pre>
<p> </p>
<hr>
<p> </p>
<p>附:</p>
<p>在php中我们可以用mbstring的mb_convert_encoding函数实现这个正向及反向的转化。 如:</p>
<p><br>

</p>
<p>mb_convert_encoding ("你好", "HTML-ENTITIES", "gb2312"); //输出:&amp;#20320;&amp;#22909;
</p><p>mb_convert_encoding ("&amp;#20320;&amp;#22909;", "gb2312", "HTML-ENTITIES"); //输出:你好 
</p><p> </p>
<p>如果需要对整个页面转化,则只需要在php文件的头部加上这三行代码:</p>
<p> </p>
<p>mb_internal_encoding("gb2312"); // 这里的gb2312是你网站原来的编码
</p><p>mb_http_output("HTML-ENTITIES");
</p><p>ob_start('mb_output_handler'); 

</p>

</div>

{{{

#!html

HTML字符实体(Character Entities),转义字符串(Escape Sequence)

为什么要用转义字符串?

HTML中<,>,&等有特殊含义(<,>,用于链接签,&用于转义),不能直接使用。这些符号是不显示在我们最终看到的网页里的,那如果我们希望在网页中显示这些符号,该怎么办呢?

这就要说到HTML转义字符串(Escape Sequence)了。

转义字符串(Escape Sequence)也称字符实体(Character Entity)。在HTML中,定义转义字符串的原因有两个:第一个原因是像“<”和“>”这类符号已经用来表示HTML标签,因此就不能直接当作文本中的符号来使用。为了在HTML文档中使用这些符号,就需要定义它的转义字符串。当解释程序遇到这类字符串时就把它解释为真实的字符。在输入转义字符串时,要严格遵守字母大小写的规则。第二个原因是,有些字符在ASCII字符集中没有定义,因此需要使用转义字符串来表示。

转义字符串的组成

转义字符串(Escape Sequence),即字符实体(Character Entity)分成三部分:第一部分是一个&符号,英文叫ampersand;第二部分是实体(Entity)名字或者是#加上实体(Entity)编号;第三部分是一个分号。

比如,要显示小于号(<),就可以写 &lt; 或者 &#60; 。

用实体(Entity)名字的好处是比较好理解,一看lt,大概就猜出是less than的意思,但是其劣势在于并不是所有的浏览器都支持最新的Entity名字。而实体(Entity)编号,各种浏览器都能处理。

提示:实体名称(Entity)是区分大小写的。

备注:同一个符号,可以用“实体名称”和“实体编号”两种方式引用,“实体名称”的优势在于便于记忆,但不能保证所有的浏览器都能顺利识别它,而“实体编号”则没有这种担忧,但它实在不方便记忆。

如何显示空格?

通常情况下,HTML会自动截去多余的空格。不管你加多少空格,都被看做一个空格。比如你在两个字之间加了10个空格,HTML会截去9个空格,只保留一个。为了在网页中增加空格,你可以使用&nbsp;表示空格。


HTML特殊转义字符列表

最常用的字符实体
Character Entities

显示 说明 实体名称 实体编号
半方大的空白 &ensp; &#8194;
全方大的空白 &emsp; &#8195;
不断行的空白格 &nbsp; &#160;
< 小于 &lt; &#60;
> 大于 &gt; &#62;
& &符号 &amp; &#38;
" 双引号 &quot; &#34;
© 版权 &copy; &#169;
® 已注册商标 &reg; &#174;
商标(美国) &#8482;
× 乘号 &times; &#215;
÷ 除号 &divide; &#247;

ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1)字符集

HTML 4.01 支持 ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) 字符集。

备注:为了方便起见,以下表格中,“实体名称”简称为“名称”,“实体编号”简称为“编号”

显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号
  &nbsp; &#160; ¡ &iexcl; &#161; ¢ &cent; &#162; £ &pound; &#163; ¤ &curren; &#164;
¥ &yen; &#165; ¦ &brvbar; &#166; § &sect; &#167; ¨ &uml; &#168; © &copy; &#169;
ª &ordf; &#170; « &laquo; &#171; ¬ &not; &#172; ­ &shy; &#173; ® &reg; &#174;
¯ &macr; &#175; ° &deg; &#176; ± &plusmn; &#177; ² &sup2; &#178; ³ &sup3; &#179;
´ &acute; &#180; µ &micro; &#181; &para; &#182; · &middot; &#183; ¸ &cedil; &#184;
¹ &sup1; &#185; º &ordm; &#186; » &raquo; &#187; ¼ &frac14; &#188; ½ &frac12; &#189;
¾ &frac34; &#190; ¿ &iquest; &#191; À &Agrave; &#192; Á &Aacute; &#193; Â &Acirc; &#194;
à &Atilde; &#195; Ä &Auml; &#196; Å &Aring; &#197; Æ &AElig; &#198; Ç &Ccedil; &#199;
È &Egrave; &#200; É &Eacute; &#201; Ê &Ecirc; &#202; Ë &Euml; &#203; Ì &Igrave; &#204;
Í &Iacute; &#205; Î &Icirc; &#206; Ï &Iuml; &#207; Ð &ETH; &#208; Ñ &Ntilde; &#209;
Ò &Ograve; &#210; Ó &Oacute; &#211; Ô &Ocirc; &#212; Õ &Otilde; &#213; Ö &Ouml; &#214;
× &times; &#215; Ø &Oslash; &#216; Ù &Ugrave; &#217; Ú &Uacute; &#218; Û &Ucirc; &#219;
Ü &Uuml; &#220; Ý &Yacute; &#221; Þ &THORN; &#222; ß &szlig; &#223; à &agrave; &#224;
á &aacute; &#225; â &acirc; &#226; ã &atilde; &#227; ä &auml; &#228; å &aring; &#229;
æ &aelig; &#230; ç &ccedil; &#231; è &egrave; &#232; é &eacute; &#233; ê &ecirc; &#234;
ë &euml; &#235; ì &igrave; &#236; í &iacute; &#237; î &icirc; &#238; ï &iuml; &#239;
ð &eth; &#240; ñ &ntilde; &#241; ò &ograve; &#242; ó &oacute; &#243; ô &ocirc; &#244;
õ &otilde; &#245; ö &ouml; &#246; ÷ &divide; &#247; ø &oslash; &#248; ù &ugrave; &#249;
ú &uacute; &#250; û &ucirc; &#251; ü &uuml; &#252; ý &yacute; &#253; þ &thorn; &#254;
ÿ &yuml; &#255;

数学和希腊字母标志
symbols, mathematical symbols, and Greek letters

显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号
ƒ &fnof; &#402; Α &Alpha; &#913; Β &Beta; &#914; Γ &Gamma; &#915; Δ &Delta; &#916;
Ε &Epsilon; &#917; Ζ &Zeta; &#918; Η &Eta; &#919; Θ &Theta; &#920; Ι &Iota; &#921;
Κ &Kappa; &#922; Λ &Lambda; &#923; Μ &Mu; &#924; Ν &Nu; &#925; Ξ &Xi; &#926;
Ο &Omicron; &#927; Π &Pi; &#928; Ρ &Rho; &#929; Σ &Sigma; &#931; Τ &Tau; &#932;
Υ &Upsilon; &#933; Φ &Phi; &#934; Χ &Chi; &#935; Ψ &Psi; &#936; Ω &Omega; &#937;
α &alpha; &#945; β &beta; &#946; γ &gamma; &#947; δ &delta; &#948; ε &epsilon; &#949;
ζ &zeta; &#950; η &eta; &#951; θ &theta; &#952; ι &iota; &#953; κ &kappa; &#954;
λ &lambda; &#955; μ &mu; &#956; ν &nu; &#957; ξ &xi; &#958; ο &omicron; &#959;
π &pi; &#960; ρ &rho; &#961; ς &sigmaf; &#962; σ &sigma; &#963; τ &tau; &#964;
υ &upsilon; &#965; φ &phi; &#966; χ &chi; &#967; ψ &psi; &#968; ω &omega; &#969;
? &thetasym; &#977; ? &upsih; &#978; ? &piv; &#982; &bull; &#8226; &hellip; &#8230;
&prime; &#8242; &Prime; &#8243; &oline; &#8254; &frasl; &#8260; &weierp; &#8472;
&image; &#8465; &real; &#8476; &trade; &#8482; &alefsym; &#8501; &larr; &#8592;
&uarr; &#8593; &rarr; &#8594; &darr; &#8595; &harr; &#8596; &crarr; &#8629;
&lArr; &#8656; &uArr; &#8657; &rArr; &#8658; &dArr; &#8659; &hArr; &#8660;
&forall; &#8704; &part; &#8706; &exist; &#8707; &empty; &#8709; &nabla; &#8711;
&isin; &#8712; &notin; &#8713; &ni; &#8715; &prod; &#8719; &sum; &#8721;
&minus; &#8722; &lowast; &#8727; &radic; &#8730; &prop; &#8733; &infin; &#8734;
&ang; &#8736; &and; &#8743; &or; &#8744; &cap; &#8745; &cup; &#8746;
&int; &#8747; &there4; &#8756; &sim; &#8764; &cong; &#8773; &asymp; &#8776;
&ne; &#8800; &equiv; &#8801; &le; &#8804; &ge; &#8805; &sub; &#8834;
&sup; &#8835; &nsub; &#8836; &sube; &#8838; &supe; &#8839; &oplus; &#8853;
&otimes; &#8855; &perp; &#8869; &sdot; &#8901; ? &lceil; &#8968; ? &rceil; &#8969;
? &lfloor; &#8970; ? &rfloor; &#8971; ? &lang; &#9001; ? &rang; &#9002; &loz; &#9674;
&spades; &#9824; &clubs; &#9827; &hearts; &#9829; &diams; &#9830;

重要的国际标记
markup-significant and internationalization characters

显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号 显示 名称 编号
" &quot; &#34; & &amp; &#38; < &lt; &#60; > &gt; &#62; Œ &OElig; &#338;
œ &oelig; &#339; Š &Scaron; &#352; š &scaron; &#353; Ÿ &Yuml; &#376; ˆ &circ; &#710;
˜ &tilde; &#732; &ensp; &#8194; &emsp; &#8195; &thinsp; &#8201; &zwnj; &#8204;
&zwj; &#8205; &lrm; &#8206; &rlm; &#8207; &ndash; &#8211; &mdash; &#8212;
&lsquo; &#8216; &rsquo; &#8217; &sbquo; &#8218; &ldquo; &#8220; &rdquo; &#8221;
&bdquo; &#8222; &dagger; &#8224; &Dagger; &#8225; &permil; &#8240; &lsaquo; &#8249;
&rsaquo; &#8250; &euro; &#8364;


JavaScript转义符

转义序列 字符
\b 退格
\f 走纸换页
\n 换行
\r 回车
\t 横向跳格 (Ctrl-I)
\' 单引号
\" 双引号
\\ 反斜杠

编程的时候要注意特殊字符的问题,很多运行时出现的问题都是因为特殊字符的出现而引起的。

注意,由于反斜杠本身用作转义符,因此不能直接在脚本中键入一个反斜杠。如果要产生一个反斜杠,必须一起键入两个反斜杠 (\\)。


编码转换(to Unicode)

(程序代码来源于网络)

Js版

<script>

     test = "你好abc"

     str = ""

     for( i=0;    i<test.length; i++ )

     {

     temp = test.charCodeAt(i).toString(16);

     str    += "\\u"+ new Array(5-String(temp).length).join("0") +temp;

     }

     document.write (str)

</script>



vbs版


Function Unicode(str1)

     Dim str,temp

     str = ""

     For i=1    to len(str1)

     temp = Hex(AscW(Mid(str1,i,1)))

     If len(temp) < 5 Then    temp = right("0000" & temp, 4)

     str = str & "\u" & temp

     Next

     Unicode = str

End Function



Function htmlentities(str)

     For i = 1 to Len(str)

         char = mid(str, i, 1)

         If Ascw(char) > 128 then

             htmlentities = htmlentities & "&#" & Ascw(char) & ";"

         Else

             htmlentities = htmlentities & char

         End if

     Next

End Function

coldfusion

function nochaoscode(str)

{

     var new_str = “”;

     for(i=1; i lte len(str);i=i+1){

         if(asc(mid(str,i,1)) lt 128){

             new_str = new_str & mid(str,i,1);

         }else{

             new_str = new_str & “&##” & asc(mid(str,i,1));

         }

     }

     return new_str;

}


附:

在php中我们可以用mbstring的mb_convert_encoding函数实现这个正向及反向的转化。 如:


mb_convert_encoding ("你好", "HTML-ENTITIES", "gb2312"); //输出:&#20320;&#22909;

mb_convert_encoding ("&#20320;&#22909;", "gb2312", "HTML-ENTITIES"); //输出:你好

如果需要对整个页面转化,则只需要在php文件的头部加上这三行代码:

mb_internal_encoding("gb2312"); // 这里的gb2312是你网站原来的编码

mb_http_output("HTML-ENTITIES");

ob_start('mb_output_handler');